Postdoctoral Research Associate · Gross Laboratory

Austin C. Russell, Ph.D.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati

I study how sensory systems and their resident microbes evolve — currently through taste receptor divergence in the surface- and cave-dwelling morphotypes of Astyanax mexicanus, and before that, through five field seasons in a chickadee hybrid zone.

Field record — current position
Focal taxa
Astyanax mexicanus, Poecile spp.
Methods
RNA-seq · ISH/HCR · IHC · 16S rRNA
Advisor
Dr. Joshua B. Gross
Since
October 2025
Illustrated portrait of Austin field-journaling beside the four study systems: Astyanax cavefish, Eastern Hellbender, chickadee, and Piping Plover chicks
Four field systems, one throughline — illustration
01

About

Austin is a postdoctoral research associate in the Gross Laboratory at the University of Cincinnati, where he studies how sensory systems evolve — presently through taste-receptor diversification in Astyanax mexicanus, the Mexican cavefish, whose surface- and cave-dwelling morphotypes make it a natural experiment in adaptation to permanent darkness.

His path here has run through salamander plots in Ohio's second-growth forests, shorebird nests on the Massachusetts coast, hellbender streams in Appalachia, and five field seasons banding chickadees along a Pennsylvania hybrid zone — a route that keeps circling back to the same question: how do microbes, genes, and environment interact to shape which organisms an ecosystem keeps, and how they sense the world around them?

He completed his Ph.D. in Biology at Lehigh University under Dr. Amber M. Rice, where his dissertation examined gut microbiome diversity in hybridizing Black-capped and Carolina Chickadees. Alongside starting his postdoc, he spent the spring 2026 semester teaching Animal Behavior as an adjunct instructor at Thomas More University. Outside the lab, he coaches high school soccer — having captained his own teams through high school and college — and works to bring hands-on science to classrooms and outreach events around greater Cincinnati.

Austin smiling on a wooden footbridge over a tidal marsh, holding a coffee
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Research journey

Five stops, five field systems, one throughline: how organisms and their microbiomes respond to the pressures of a specific place.

2015 – 2019
The College of Wooster
Undergraduate Thesis, B.S. Biology
Investigated how microhabitat differences between early-successional and mature-growth forest shaped salamander community density and composition — his first independent field project.
Summer – Fall 2019
Massachusetts Audubon Society
Coastal Waterbird Field Biologist, Marshfield, MA
Monitored nesting Piping Plovers and Least Terns at managed coastal sites; produced season-end reports and GIS habitat maps submitted to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Fall 2019 – May 2020
The Wilds Conservation Center
Wildlife Ecology Apprentice, Cumberland, OH
Used environmental DNA to study population genetics and occupancy of the federally threatened Eastern Hellbender (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis) across Appalachian streams.
2020 – 2025
Lehigh University
Ph.D., Biology · Advisor: Dr. Amber M. Rice
Studied gut microbiome diversity across a Black-capped × Carolina Chickadee hybrid zone in eastern Pennsylvania. Banded 500+ birds over five field seasons and developed a published method for extracting microbial DNA from avian feces and preen oil, applied to roughly 230 sequenced samples.
October 2025 – Present
University of Cincinnati
Postdoctoral Research Associate · Gross Laboratory
Characterizing T1R and T2R taste receptor biology across surface and cave populations of Astyanax mexicanus using RNA-seq, in situ hybridization, and whole-mount tissue clearing.
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Current work

Gross Lab · University of Cincinnati

Taste receptor evolution in Astyanax mexicanus

How does a single species, having colonized total darkness on multiple independent occasions, rewrite its own sense of taste?

Astyanax mexicanus exists as both a river-dwelling surface fish and, independently across at least thirty cave populations in Mexico, a blind, depigmented cavefish — making it one of the best natural systems for studying repeated, rapid adaptation. Austin is mapping how T1R and T2R taste receptor genes diverge in expression between these morphotypes, using RNA-seq (Salmon quantification, DESeq2 differential expression) alongside in situ hybridization, hybridization chain reaction (HCR), and multi-antibody immunofluorescence panels paired with whole-mount DEEP-Clear tissue clearing to visualize receptor expression across gill, craniofacial, and extraoral tissue.

The goal is to connect gene expression differences to the anatomical and ecological shifts that define cave adaptation — linking genotype, sensory anatomy, and the selective pressures of a lightless environment.

RNA-seq / DESeq2 In situ hybridization HCR Immunofluorescence DEEP-Clear clearing Confocal microscopy
Confocal immunofluorescence panels of Astyanax mexicanus taste buds, calretinin (CR, red) and T1R2a (green) co-labeling, 40x magnification
Calretinin (CR, red) and T1R2a (green) co-labeling across taste bud sections, 40× confocal.

Pollution & microbiome, Ohio River corridor

A developing research line examining how pollution gradients along the Ohio River affect fitness and gut microbiome composition in avian and invertebrate host communities — combining long-term survival monitoring, heavy-metal analysis from feather collections, and microbiome characterization to link contaminant exposure to physiological outcomes.

Salamander skin microbiomes

A return to undergraduate roots: citizen-science-integrated, long-term monitoring of regional salamander populations — spotted, eastern tiger, and red-backed — pairing population genetics with skin microbiome profiling to understand how microbial symbionts shape amphibian resilience to environmental change.

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Publications & presentations

Peer-reviewed articles

Russell, A.C., Kenna, M.A., Van Huynh, A., & Rice, A.M. (2024). "Microbial DNA extraction method for avian feces and preen oil from diverse species." Ecology and Evolution, 14(9), e70220.
Published
Russell, A.C., Spinelli, J., Martinez, N., Taylor, S.A., Semenov, G.A., Curry, R.L., Johnsson, R.D., Roth, T., & Rice, A.M. "Environment is a stronger signal than ancestry in the gut microbiome of hybridizing chickadees." Ecosphere.
Accepted
Hamm, A.R., Angst, A.J., Russell, A.C., & Gross, J.B. "Sensory-skeletal integration underlies diverse bone fusion patterns in a complex demography of cavefish." Integrative and Comparative Biology.
Accepted
Semenov, G., Kenyon, H., Funk, E., Anderson, W., McQuillan, M., Spinelli, J., Russell, A., Martinez, N., Van Huynh, A., Alexander, A., Schweizer, R., Linck, E., Cheviron, Z., Carling, M., Roth, T., Robbins, M., Rice, A., & Taylor, S. "Replicate geographic transects across a hybrid zone reveal parallelism and differences in the genetic architecture of reproductive isolation." Evolution Letters.
Minor revisions

Manuscripts in preparation

Russell, A.C., Spinelli, J., Martinez, N., Taylor, S.A., Semenov, G.A., Curry, R.L., & Rice, A.M. "Gut microbiome diversity correlates with reversal learning in hybridizing songbirds." In prep for Proceedings of the Royal Society B.
In prep
Russell, A.C., Freeman, T., Karunarathne, M.A.U., Wood, B.B., & Gross, J.B. "Differential expression patterns of T1R taste receptors reveal chemosensory adaptations in cave and surface populations of Astyanax mexicanus."
In prep
Karunarathne, M.A.U., Russell, A.C., & Gross, J.B. "Cave adaptations influence extraoral gene expression: distinct metabolic reorganization and sensory reduction in Astyanax mexicanus."
In prep

Presentations & invited talks

[Oral] "Microbiome diversity in hybridizing chickadees."
Society for Experimental Biology Annual Meeting — Prague, Czech Republic (2024)
[Oral] "Host gut microbiome diversity in a chickadee hybrid zone."
Lehigh Valley Ecology and Evolution Symposium — Bethlehem, PA (2022) · Best Presentation Award
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Grants, fellowships & awards

AwardYearStatus
Thorne Fellowship
Lehigh University, Dept. of Biological Sciences
2023 & 2024 Awarded
Best Presentation Award
Lehigh Valley Ecology and Evolution Symposium
2022 Awarded
NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (GRFP)
National Science Foundation
2021 Applied
NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology (PRFB)
National Science Foundation
2025 Applied
Federal Bird Banding Permit (Master Permit)
U.S. Geological Survey
2026 Pending
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Teaching

Sole instructor (completed)

Animal Behavior (BIO/PSY 325)

Thomas More University · Lecture & laboratory · 12 students · Spring 2026
Teaching assistant

Lehigh University, 2020 – 2025

~60 students combined, across five semesters
Animal Behavior · Biostatistics · Conservation Biology · Natural History of the Vertebrates
"Being in school is not innately something that engages every student — however, every student has a passion for learning if you can find it." From Austin's teaching philosophy
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Outreach, service & skills

Outreach Educator — Mariemont Junior High School2025–2026
Outreach Educator — Biology Day, University of Cincinnati2026
Outreach Educator — PEWS Miller Outreach Program2026
Science Fair Panel Judge — Southern Lehigh High School2022
Department Ambassador — Biological Sciences, Lehigh University2024–2025
Leadership Committee — Biological Organization of Graduate Students, Lehigh2021–2023
Assistant Varsity & JV Soccer Coach — Bethlehem Catholic High School2022–2025

Molecular & cellular biology

PCR / RT-qPCRRNA-seqIn situ hybridization HCRImmunohistochemistryImmunofluorescence Western blotDNA/RNA extraction

Histology & microscopy

DEEP-Clear / iDISCO+Cryosectioning Confocal & fluorescence microscopyTaste bud morphometryTSA amplification

Field ecology

Mist netting & box trappingBird banding (500+ birds) eDNA collectionPoint countsAcoustic monitoringGPS / GIS

Bioinformatics & data analysis

R (DESeq2, phyloseq, DADA2, vegan)Python Salmon16S rRNA pipelinesQGIS
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Contact

russe2an@ucmail.uc.edu

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221. Full CV available on request.